The 'qwerty' keyboard, named for obvious reasons when you take a look at the top row,  has been used by the vast majority of keyboard users for over a century.

Most keyboards are 'qwerty' layout keyboard with 101 keys (including all number pad keys, arrows, function keys and special characters).

Some quick facts about the 'QWERTY' layout:

  • It was designed for typewriters initially by Christopher Sholes all the way back in 1872!
  • He purposely selected a physical layout that was 'difficult' to type, so that typing speeds would be reduced!  This was in an effort to reduce the jamming of 'hammers' used to create individual letters.
  • The QWERTY layout was never changed when computers started hitting the market.  Secretaries and people using typewriters were used to the old layout and even when other, more efficient layouts, have been proven effective, the old layout has remained with us, and will for many years.  
Links     

About Keyboards by the Tactus Corporation

This is a great resource dealing with the history of keyboards, keyboard design, form factor and the mechanism of typing.
A Summary of Recent Research Effectiveness of Technology in Schools: comprehensive look at technology including some interesting information about keyboarding and typing.  A little outdated but still much excellent relevant information.
Teaching Process Writing with Computers. An AskERIC collection with comprehensive information, articles, research documents, ideas, reports and product reviews.  Revised Edition.  Boone, Randy, Ed.
Keyboarding Site Utah State Office of Education

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